The Challenges of Learning a New Language as an Adult
Keywords:
Language learning, adult education, cognitive barriers, language anxiety, motivation, second language acquisition, lifelong learning, learning strategiesAbstract
While language learning is a rewarding pursuit at any age, adults often face unique difficulties that can slow down their progress or lower their confidence. This paper explores the psychological, social, cognitive, and practical challenges adult learners experience when studying a new language. In addition, it discusses potential strategies and solutions to overcome these barriers, drawing from linguistic research and real-life experiences.
References
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This foundational text by Stephen Krashen discusses the key theories of second language acquisition, emphasizing the role of input and affective factors in learning.
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Cook explores the cognitive challenges faced by adult language learners, addressing issues like the critical period hypothesis and cognitive overload.
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This book highlights the challenges of learning a language in non-immersive environments and discusses practical strategies for overcoming this limitation.
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Gardner's research focuses on the role of motivation in language learning, exploring both intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence adult learners.
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Paivio’s work on cognitive theory and dual coding provides insights into how adults can use mnemonic devices and other cognitive strategies to improve their language learning process.
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Aitchison’s work provides an understanding of how adult learners store and retrieve words in their mental lexicon, highlighting the challenges they face with vocabulary retention.
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This paper examines how adult learners can benefit from collaborative language learning experiences, such as group practice and peer interactions.
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Ellis focuses on task-based learning methods, which can be particularly effective for adult learners who need to incorporate language practice into real-world contexts.
