Typological And Structural Differences Between English And Uzbek Languages: A Comparative Linguistic Analysis

Abstract

This article presents a comparative typological and structural analysis of English and Uzbek languages. English, belonging to the Germanic branch of the Indo-European family, is predominantly analytic, stress-timed, and follows SVO word order. In contrast, Uzbek, a member of the Karluk branch of the Turkic family, is agglutinative, syllable-timed, and primarily uses SOV word order. The study examines key linguistic levels including historical-genetic background, phonetics and phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexicon. Particular attention is paid to the differences in grammatical expression — auxiliary words and articles in English versus rich suffixation in Uzbek — as well as prosodic features and lexical borrowing patterns. The findings demonstrate that genetic and typological differences between the two languages create specific challenges and opportunities for learners and translators.