The Evolution Of Digital Identity And The Legal Landscape Of Personal Data Protection In Uzbekistan

Abstract

As the Republic of Uzbekistan undergoes a rapid digital transformation under the "Digital Uzbekistan 2030" strategy, the establishment of a robust digital identity framework and the protection of personal data have emerged as critical pillars of national policy. This research paper examines the current state of digital identity systems, primarily the OneID platform, and evaluates the efficacy of the Law "On Personal Data" (LRU-547) and its subsequent amendments through 2026. By employing a qualitative and comparative analysis of legislative frameworks and digital infrastructure, the study highlights the tension between strict data localization requirements and the integration of international digital services such as Apple Pay and Google Pay. The findings suggest that while Uzbekistan has made significant strides in centralizing digital services and increasing internet penetration to over 94%, gaps remain in the enforcement of the "Right to Be Forgotten" and the harmonization of local standards with the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The paper concludes with recommendations for balancing national security with the needs of a globalized digital economy.